Free Essays on Cross Cultural Communication

Communicating Across Cultural Barriers All international business activity involves communication. Within the international and global business environment, activities such as exchanging information and ideas, decision making, negotiating, motivating , and leading are all based on the ability of managers from other cultures. Achieving effective communication is a challenge to managers worldwide even when the workforce is culturally homogeneous, but when one company includes a variety of languages and cultural backgrounds, effective two-way communication becomes even more difficult. We think that the major obstacle in international business is in understanding the foreigner, the difficulty involves becoming aware of our own cultural conditioning . We are generally least aware of our own cultural characteristics and are quite surprised when we hear foreigner’s descriptions of us. For example, many Americans are surprised to discover that they are seen by foreigner as hurried, overly law-abiding, very hard working, extremely explicit, and overly inquisitive. Projective similarity refers to the assumption that people are more similar to you than they actually are, or that a situation is similar to yours when in fact it is not. Projected similarity involves assuming, imagining, and actually perceiving similarity when differences exist. Projected similarity particularly handicaps people in cross-cultural situations. At the base of projected similarity is a subconscious parochialism. I assume that there is only one way to be: my way. I assume that there is only one way to see the world: my way. I therefore view other people in reference to me and to my way of viewing the world. While it is important to understand and respect the foreigner’s point of view, it is not necessary to accept or adopt it. One of the best exercises for developing empathy and reducing parochialism and projected similarity is role reversa... Free Essays on Cross Cultural Communication Free Essays on Cross Cultural Communication Communicating Across Cultural Barriers All international business activity involves communication. Within the international and global business environment, activities such as exchanging information and ideas, decision making, negotiating, motivating , and leading are all based on the ability of managers from other cultures. Achieving effective communication is a challenge to managers worldwide even when the workforce is culturally homogeneous, but when one company includes a variety of languages and cultural backgrounds, effective two-way communication becomes even more difficult. We think that the major obstacle in international business is in understanding the foreigner, the difficulty involves becoming aware of our own cultural conditioning . We are generally least aware of our own cultural characteristics and are quite surprised when we hear foreigner’s descriptions of us. For example, many Americans are surprised to discover that they are seen by foreigner as hurried, overly law-abiding, very hard working, extremely explicit, and overly inquisitive. Projective similarity refers to the assumption that people are more similar to you than they actually are, or that a situation is similar to yours when in fact it is not. Projected similarity involves assuming, imagining, and actually perceiving similarity when differences exist. Projected similarity particularly handicaps people in cross-cultural situations. At the base of projected similarity is a subconscious parochialism. I assume that there is only one way to be: my way. I assume that there is only one way to see the world: my way. I therefore view other people in reference to me and to my way of viewing the world. While it is important to understand and respect the foreigner’s point of view, it is not necessary to accept or adopt it. One of the best exercises for developing empathy and reducing parochialism and projected similarity is role reversa... Free Essays on Cross Cultural Communication Cross Cultural Communication Assignment assessing the differences in two cultures on the basis of Universalistic Vs Particularistic Cultures With topic of global project in Finland Acknowledgements In the process of doing this assignment, I have taken the help of a number of persons, amongst whom the most important is my professor. Thanks are to him for the continuous support that he has given me. The large number of books available in the library of Skyline College has been a great help. Also, the vast information made available online by a number of online libraries has been a source of great knowledge. I have also taken help from the Internet services that have been provided by the college’s online faculty of libraries, from where I got the main idea of the case of this assignment – Global project especially in Finland Mukesh Kumar Jangid Contents Acknowledgements 2 Contents 3 Introduction 4 What is Culture? 4 The seven dilemmas 4 The aim of this assignment 5 Main Body 6 Topic taken for discussion – International Business Constructions 6 Universalism Vs Particularism in detail 6 Universalism 6 Particularism 6 Details of the example –global project 7 How does culture affect global project? 7 Cultural analysis 7 Example of Punctuality 8 Conclusions 10 My solution to cultural problems 10 Bibliography 11 Introduction In today’s world, everyone is expanding from local markets to international markets. Initially the companies, who used to be the leaders in the local market, are now entering international markets and thus they are becoming multinational companies. Although there are a number of factors that firms take into account while going international, there is an increasing demands to find out that the most important resource of any organization, people. Since many different kinds of people come to contact with each other, while going international, there is a need to know...

China essayEssay Writing Service

China essayEssay Writing Service China essay China essayThe Chinese economy is one of the fastest growing economies in the world. In this regard, the competitive position of the Chinese economy depends on multiple factors, while its stable development and steady growth is very important for the enhancement of the competitive position of the Chinese economy in the global market. In this respect, the accounting balance of China and the national currency exchange rate affect consistently the economic development of China and the stability of the national financial markets and economy at large. At the moment, the Chinese economy keeps growing, in spite of negative effects of the global financial crisis which stroke in 2008. At this point, it is worth mentioning the fact that the global financial crisis has had a negative impact on the Chinese economy too but still the crisis has never stopped the growth of the economy of China. Instead, the Chinese economy still keeps growing, while the rest of the world struggles for the stabiliza tion of their economies and accelerated recovery after the economic downturn in 2008. The positive accounting payment balance is still positive for the development of the Chinese economy and China keeps growing taking ever stronger position in the global market. the accounting payment balance allow China to maintain the surplus of export over import so far and the national currency, Chinese Yuan, responds to the economic development and payment balance of China enhancing its position along with the enhancement of the accounting payment balance of the Chinese economy.The accounting payment balance of China mirrors the development of Chinese economy and its structure. At this point, it is worth mentioning the fact that the development of Chinese economy was characterized by the fast growth in the early 2000s, when the growth of the Chinese economy was high and China increased its export substantially. At this point, it is possible to refer to the following graph which mirrors the deve lopment of the accounting payment balance of China in 2005-2012.China’s once huge, but declining surplus on goods dominates the current account. Services trade has been regularly in a small deficit and flows of income swing between deficit and surplus over time. All of these surpluses and deficits must have counterparts in the rest of the world. China’s surplus on goods trade means an equally sized deficit among its trading partners, particularly the US (Park, 2009).At this point, it is worth mentioning the fact that the growth of the Chinese economy was driven by the growth of the goods’ production mainly. The increase of the goods’ production contributed to the substantial growth of the export of Chinese companies and laid the foundation to the stable economic growth of China within the last decade. At the same time, it is possible to trace certain changes in the accounting payment balance of China. To put it more precisely, the goods’ production comprised the large share in the total economic development of China but, in recent years, the production of goods has decreased its share in the total accounting balance compared to previous years.At the same time, the share of services in the total production and in the accounting balance of China has increased by the early 2010s. Such a change was determined by the increased role of services in the contemporary economic development. In such a situation, China increased the production and export of services that compensated the decreased share of the goods’ production and export. On the other hand, it is worth mentioning the fact that the rise of the service production in China and the increase of services share in the account balance of China was the result of the abundant investments and development of high tech industries in China (Wei, 2009). China invested substantial funds into the research and development and encouraged local companies as well as foreign direct inve stors to develop the highly technological production. The progress of technology and the development of the highly technological production contributed to the creation of the larger share of services production in the account balance of the country.Furthermore, another important trend is the drop of the net transfers in the current account share of China by the early 2010. In this regard, the situation was quite different in the mid-2000s, when the net transfers comprised a large share of the account balance of China ranked second largest after the goods production. Currently, the net transfers have dropped their share in the current account balance of China being outpaced by the services production. In such a way, today, services play increasingly more important part in the economic development of China, while net transfers start losing their position. On the other hand, the goods’ production still comprises the core of the Chinese economy and lays the foundation to the stea dy growth of China in economic terms.Also, it is worth mentioning the income balance of China which was unstable during the last decade. Today, the income balance has become relatively stable and foreseeable. At any rate, experts (Rodrick, 2012) believe in the stable and steady growth of the Chinese economy and its accounting balance. Therefore, China has a considerable potential taking into consideration its current economic development and the steady economic growth, whereas other countries of the world suffer from the steady or steep economic decline depending on the impact of the global financial crisis of 2008 on their economies (Wu, 2013).The following graph shows the balance of payment current account and capital and financial accounts.The sum of the vertical bars is the total surplus of supply of foreign exchange over demand. Left to the market, that would have pushed up the renminbi, possibly 20-30% on some estimates, choking off Chinese exporters’ competitiveness an d pushing down the trade balance. This is what critics abroad, notably in the US, mean by currency manipulation, implying that China has rigged the trade market in its favor by keeping its currency at an unfairly low level.The chart shows that the current account surplus has been falling but so has the capital account surplus. The State Administration of Foreign Exchange recently revised down its estimate of the capital account deficit for the second quarter but the downward trend is still marked. If China’s trade surplus keeps shrinking, because of weak demand in rich countries suffering recession or slow growth, and capital is now flowing out of China, then the net balance could become sharply negative (Gao, 2012).Then the central bank, the People’s Bank of China, would have to choose either to use its reserves to fill the gap, keeping the renminbi up, or to let market forces push the currency down. Slowing growth in China is likely to cut its imports, so that the tr ade surplus may grow again. But the days of dramatically rising foreign exchange reserves are over for the moment (Rolf, 2012).The capital account is the sum of long term and relatively stable flows such as foreign direct investment, (FDI, foreign companies buying assets in China and building new factories), and more short term, volatile flows known as â€Å"hot money†. Although China restricts such flows it is very hard to block them completely. FDI remains strongly positive into China. It is widely suspected  that the reversal in the capital account reflects the movement abroad of money by the Chinese rich, ahead of the change in government next month and the associated uncertainty. If the new regime appears stable and calm, perhaps some of this money will return. But if not, the outflow could accelerate, which will put pressure on the renminbi exchange rate. At least that would stop the Americans complaining about unfair trade (So, Lin, Poston, 2012).At this point, the widening gap between the accounting balance and capital and financial account balance is quite disturbing because hypothetically there is a risk of the further ungrounded growth of Chinese financial markets based on great positive expectations which are not backed up by the capital that is available or invested into the Chinese economy. The persisting disparity between the account balance and the capital and financial account balance threaten to create the bubble in the Chinese economy which was similar to the housing bubble in the housing market of the US in 2007-2008, when the US faced a severe economic crisis and the steep decline of the domestic economy comparable to the Great Depression of the 1930s.China essay   part  2

Week 6 - Observation Journal Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Week 6 - Observation Journal - Personal Statement Example The conversation that one just described is a perfect example of BICS. The two ESOL students were speaking in English. Although there were many grammatical errors, they were able to understand each other. There were minimal pronunciation errors. They were quite familiar with the English vocabulary and they were able to express their thoughts well using the English language. Mark and Leo have already developed their basic interpersonal communication skills though one still notices a slight struggle in finding the right words. The next incident one observed was the English class where Mark and Leo were both enrolled. The topic for the day was a movie review of â€Å"The Hunger Games†. The teacher asked the students their reaction about the movie. Teacher: â€Å"Mark, what you mean is â€Å"violent†. Violet is a color. You should say, â€Å"I did not like the movie because I think that there is so much violence portrayed in the movie.† â€Å"Would you like to repeat that Mark?† Teacher: â€Å"Leo, do you mean you liked the movie because it was suspenseful?† Leo nods. â€Å"Oh, you should have said, â€Å"I liked the movie because I find it suspenseful.† Would you like to repeat that Leo?† Leo smiled and repeated Ms. Holly’s statement. Having observed the English class where Mark and Leo were enrolled, one can say that there so much room for improvement for the two students’ CALP. They still have difficulty with the use of the language skills academically. One can conclude that even if Mark and Leo can already speak the English language for social purposes, they need more support in terms of the use of the language academically. The choice of words and correct grammatical expressions must be further

Diveristy in the Legal Community Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Diveristy in the Legal Community - Essay Example As such, some distinctive management styles are deemed to be more fitting depending on the size of the law firm. But then again, some skills possessed by an Administrator remain a constant requirement to efficiently handle the firm operations as well as promote a culture that would be mutually beneficial for all the members and the organization. This paper discusses some of the qualities and responsibilities of an Administrator across law firms of various sizes. In relation to this, it summarizes the interview conducted to know more about how Administrators from small, medium-sized, and large law firms actually handle their responsibilities and cultural diversity within the workplace. The Firm Administrator of the small firm, which is comprised of 7 in-house lawyers, directly performs tasks in relation to hiring of secretarial personnel, dealing with payroll and other accounting aspect, educating personnel on benefit packages as well as administering disciplinary actions. Since she personally handles all these administrative functions, the Firm Administrator is highly capable of assessing and resolving difficulties on her own. With this, she recognizes the support extended by the firm's senior partner who does not hesitate to assist anyone despite a demanding working schedule. In addition, the firm's principle of instilling knowledge with regard to effective management and legal techniques bodes well with the Firm Administrator. As such, she has found a perfectly suited firm where she can continue pursuing further studies in law on top of her undergraduate Marketing degree. Coming from a diverse African American background, the Firm Administrator believes that diversity is one of the most important characteristics any law firm should have. Given the dramatically increasing minority population, she reckons that it is imperative to have lawyers from this group in order to attract clients who share the same background. However, she noted that in terms of hiring, skills would always command a higher priority over background. Medium-sized Firm The Firm Administrator for a medium-sized firm, which is composed of 55 attorneys, is in charge of managing business financing, interviewing associates, marketing the firm, overseeing the operations of software systems as well as ensuring that the firm is keeping up with the latest technology. Given that she is dealing with many of people with different backgrounds and attitudes, she posited that possessing good communication skill is mandatory so as to obliterate any cultural barrier which could adversely affect overall performance of the law firm. As an administrator, she finds fulfillment in managing and counseling these people because such makes everyday unique and challenging. The Firm Administrator, who has an undergraduate degree in Business, also takes pride working for the law firm which recently celebrated its centennial anniversary as the oldest and most steadfast firm operating in Oakland County. She attributes this success to the democratic management of the firm where all the

Organized crime in the 1920s Essay Example for Free

Organized crime in the 1920s Essay The 1920s was time of music and literature but it was also a decade of crime. This rise ot illegality was not random but caused by prohibition and immigration. The advancement of guns also helped gangs progress. one of the most Important figureheads of this era was A1 Capone. organized crime flourished during the 1920s In America. The typical Italian mafia stereotype has some truth since our mafia was strongly influenced my Italy. During the mid-1800s the Sicilian mafia grew exponentially In Italy, but this quickly came to an end. At the end of the 19th century the Fascist egime of Benito Mussolini attacked the crime organizations of Italy (Mafia in the United States) Sicilian Mafiosi decided to escape to America to continue their illegal ways In Just New York in went from 20,000 in 1880 to 500,000 by 1 910 (Mafia in the United States), In 1919. the 18th amendment was passed starting the Prohibition era and sparking a wave of crime. The 1 8th amendment also known as Prohibition banned the consumption, manufacturing, and sale of alcohol. This left a major market unclaimed with a lot of potential profit. This market also gave Sicilian Mafiosi nother reason to immigrate. The mafia eventually took over the alcohol business using their skills of skilled a smuggling and bribery to get around the amendment (Mafia in the United States). The advancement of guns thanks to World War helped the mana operate and even gave them another product to sell. Directly due to the passing ot prohlbltlon the gun market In America expanded (Prohibition). Gangs used guns to kill off rival gangs and keep hold of your territory, the most famous of which Is Thompson gun.

Interesting Facts of the Crucible :: Essay on The Crucible

Interesting Facts of the Crucible The Interesting Facts of The Crucible Was The Crucible, by Arthur Miller, just an â€Å"irrational fear?† (Arthur Miller’s The Crucible: Fact & Fiction Par.1). The panic of Communism during the Cold War and Senator Joseph McCarthy’s anti-communist hearings on February 3, 1953 led to this â€Å"irrational fear.† There are several major differences from the true version of the story and Miller’s version. These differences could have made the whole event much more interesting and eerie. Many specific details were overlooked that could have changed the play around. For example, Parris’ wife was not dead. In Miller’s play he refers to the group of girls as Abigail’s girls, but there were many other girls that were included in the group of the â€Å"afflicted†. Another difference that could have reconstructed how the play was is Abigail’s age. Because Miller used different context from the event, the true facts of history could have made the play muc h more interesting. In Miller’s play, Reverend Parris says â€Å"...my daughter...† (1.7). Reverend Parris mentioned he has a daughter and he is a widower. However, â€Å"Betty Parris’ mother was not dead, but very much alive at the time† (The Crucible: Fact & Fiction Para.5). Betty Parris’ mother really died 4 years after the events had taken place. This fact could have changed the total out-come of Miller’s play. If Betty had a mother figure, perhaps she would not have been lured into Abigail’s malicious ways. Since Abigail and Betty are cousins, Betty’s mother could have played as a mother figure for Abigail. Abigail would not have been such a troublemaker if she had a role model. This fact could have changed how Miller’s play was put together, and it could have made the play more interesting. In The Crucible, Miller mentioned that Abigail and her followers were just a bunch of teenage girls. In reality, Abigail’s group did not just consisted of teenage girls. Abigail’s afflicted group not only consists of teenage girls, but it consists of men and women. Some of the people from Abigail’s â€Å"afflicted† group are Sarah Bibber, John Indian, and Ann Putnam. The â€Å"afflicted† group could have consisted of many more people, and they could have had a bigger, stronger effect on the whole hype.

Attendance monitoring system Essay

CERTIFICATE This is to certify that this report embodies the original work done by Saurebh Kumar Jain, Uma Joshi and Bhupesh Kumar Sharma during this project submission as a partial fulfillment of the requirement for the System Design Project of Masters of Computer Application IV Semester, of the Rajasthan Technical University, Kota. Attendance Management System Introduction:Attendance Management System is a software developed for daily student attendance in schools, collages and institutes. If facilitates to access the attendance information of a particular student in a particular class. The information is sorted by the operators, which will be provided by the teacher for a particular class. This system will also help in evaluating attendance eligibility criteria of a student. Purpose:The purpose of developing attendance management system is to computerized the tradition way of taking attendance. Another purpose for developing this software is to generate the report automatically at the end of the session or in the between of the session Scope: The scope of the project is the system on which the software is installed, i.e. the project is developed as a desktop application, and it will work for a particular institute. But later on the project can be modified to operate it online. 6 Attendance Management System Technology Used:Language:-VB.NET Backend:-MS-Access System Requirement:Minimum RAM:-256 MB Hard Disk:-40 GB Processor:-Intel Pentium 4 Operating System:-Windows XP Service Pack2 Overview:Attendance Management System basically has two main modules for proper functioning †¢ First module is admin which has right for creating space for new batch. Any entry of new faculty, Updation in †¢ Second module is handled by the user which can be a attendance, generating report. Attendance can be taken in two ways: †¢ On the basis of Subject and month. 7 Attendance Management System †¢ On the basis of Class. 8 Attendance Management System Economically Feasibility: The system being developed is economic with respect to School or Collage’s point of view. It is cost effective in the sense that has eliminated the paper work completely. The system is also time effective because the calculations are automated which are made at the end of the month or as per the user requirement. The result obtained contains minimum errors and are highly accurate as the data is required. Technical feasibility: The technical requirement for the system is economic and it does not use any other additional Hardware and software. Behavioral Feasibility: The system working is quite easy to use and learn due to its simple but attractive interface. User requires no special training for operating the system. Attendance Management System Working Of Present System In the present system all work is done on paper. The whole session attendance is stored in register and at the and of the session the reports are generated. We are not interested in generating report in the middle of the session or as per the requirement because it takes more time in calculation. At the end of session the students who don’t have 75% attendance get a notice. DISADVANTAGES OF PRESENT WORKING SYSTEM †¢ Not User Friendly: The existing system is not user friendly because the retrieval of data is very slow and data is not maintained efficiently. †¢ Difficulty in report generating: We require more calculations to generate the report so it is generated at the end of the session. And the student not get a single chance to improve their attendance †¢ Manual control: All calculations to generate report is done manually so there is greater chance of errors. †¢ Lots of paperwork: Existing system requires lot of paper work. Loss of even a single register/record led to difficult situation because all the papers are needed to generate the reports. †¢ Time consuming: Every work is done manually so we cannot generate report in the middle of the session or as per the requirement because it is very time consuming. 10 Attendance Management System CHAREACTERSTIC OF THE PROPOSED SYSTEM †¢ User Friendly:- The proposed system is user friendlybecause the retrieval and storing of data is fast and data is maintained efficiently. Moreover the graphical user interface is provided in the proposed system, which provides user to deal with the system very easily. †¢ Reports are easily generated: reports can be easily generated in the proposed system so user can generate the report as per the requirement (monthly) or in the middle of the session. User can give the notice to the students so he/she become regular. †¢ Very less paper work: The proposed system requires very less paper work. All the data is feted into the computer immediately and reports can be generated through computers. Moreover work become very easy because there is no need to keep data on papers. †¢ Computer operator control: Computer operator control will be there so no chance of errors. Moreover storing and retrieving of information is easy. So work can be done speedily and in time. Attendance Management System 1. Login Form This login Form is made For Security purpose. So only Authenticated User only Access in to the Project. There are two Type of persons can enter in the project 1. Administrator 2. User 22 Attendance Management System 2. Add Information Form This form is showed when authorized administrator enters his correct User Name and Password. This Form gives the option to fill the name of Students and the name of Teacher if a new faculty has joined. 23 Attendance Management System 3. Student Information Form This form enables the Administrator to fill the name of Students and there Semester where the Student Id will change automatically when a Student is saved in the Database. And course Will Be remain same because this System is made for MCA Students. 24 Attendance Management System 4. Teacher Information Form This Form is made for Administrator to fill up the name of teachers when teacher Id is changed automatically. If a new teacher joined the collage its name also is included in the System 25 Attendance Management System 5. User Form This form is opened when user fill up his correct User Name and Password and User Type Is user. The is form enables the user to fill up attendance of every student and see whish student is short listed and what is the total attendance of each individual attendance in a particular Subject and in a particular month 26 Attendance Management System 6. Semester Form This form facilitates the user to choose a semester in which attendance is to be filled. In this system we are using the Fourth Semester so when the user clicks on Semester4 the list of Semester 4 students is come. 27 Attendance Management System 7. Attendance Form This Form is used to choose subjects and the month for which attendance is to be filled up and show a list of students. When a User click to corresponding Check box and click on save the students will be stated present and their attendance is added. 28 Attendance Management System 8. Report Form 8.1. Short List Form This form shows the list of Short listed students. We can see this list according to Subject wise and month wise. When user click on view, then list is shown accordingly. 29 Attendance Management System 8.2. Attendance Status Form This form shows the status of the students or we can say number of classes attended in a particular subject in a particular month. When user click on the ‘View Status’ button of short list form then this form will appear with the status. 30 Attendance Management System Conclusion The Attendance Management System is developed using Visual Basic.NET fully meets the objectives of the system which it has been developed. The system has reached a steady state where all bugs have been eliminated. The system is operated at a high level of efficiency and all the teachers and user associated with the system understands its advantage. The system solves the problem. It was intended to solve as requirement specification. 31 Attendance Management System Bibliography 1. The complete Reference Visual Basic.NET 2. Beginning VB.NET (Wrox Publication) 3. System Analysis and Design – Alias M. Awad 4. Software Engineering – Roger Pressman Websites 1. www.microsoft.com 2. www.w3schools.com 3. www.dotnetspider.com 32 Attendance Management System Future Scope Attendance Management System has many   

Child Psych

Which of the following is a basic emotion? A. guilt B. happiness C. pride D. embarrassment Answer Key: B Question 2 of 15 Score: 1 (of possible 1 point) One of the first signs of fear in an infant often occurs when they A. see scary scenes on television. B. are approached by an unfamiliar adult. C. are picked up by a familiar adult. D. have an interesting toy or favorite food taken away. Answer Key: B Question 3 of 15 Score: 1 (of possible 1 point) Self-conscious emotions don't usually emerge until A. 9 to 12 months of age. B. 18 to 24 months of age. C. 4 to 6 months of age. D. to 3 years of age. Answer Key: B Question 4 of 15 Score: 1 (of possible 1 point) Nine-month-old Jack sees a cat for the first time. As the cat approaches him, Jack looks toward his mother to see how she reacts to the cat. Jack uses his mother's emotions to determine his response to the cat, a tool known as A. basic emotions. B. complex referral. C. social referencing. D. display rules. Answer Key: C Question 5 of 15 Score: 1 (of possible 1 point) During the elementary school years, children A. become less likely to modify their behavior according to other people? s emotions. B. egin to realize that people can have â€Å"mixed feelings. † C. have a growing understanding of emotions, that appears to be unrelated to their social relationships. D. show little change in understanding the emotions of others. Answer Key: B Question 6 of 15 Score: 1 (of possible 1 point) Emotional regulation begins in A. toddlerhood. B. the elementary school years. C. infancy. D. the preschool year. Answer Key: C Question 7 of 15 Score: 1 (of possible 1 point) Adriana often cries, responds intensely to new situations, does not have regular eating and sleeping schedules, and is very active. Adriana most closely fits Thomas and Chess's __________ temperament classification. A. slow-to-warm-up. B. sociable. C. difficult. D. easy. Answer Key: C Question 8 of 15 Score: 1 (of possible 1 point) The element of temperament called effortful control is defined as A. the extent to which a child is irritable, easily distresses, and is prone to anger. B. the amount of physical and motor activity in a child's daily situations. C. the extent to which a child can focus on one activity and can hold herself back from doing inappropriate things. D. he extent to which a child expresses pleasure, enthusiasm, and contentment. Answer Key: C Question 9 of 15 Score: 1 (of possible 1 point) Which of the following statements is TRUE? A. Although temperament is very stable in the first few months of life, it is not at all stable later in life. B. Temperament in childhood is only moderately related to adult personality traits. C. Temperament during the preschool years is not related to temperament later in life. D. Temperament during the preschool years is strongly related to temperament later in life. Answer Key: B Question 10 of 15 Temperamentally persistent children A. are likely to succeed in school. B. disobey their parents so they can get their own goals. C. are likely to comply with parent's requests of them. D. are more prone to disappointment and embarrassment. Answer Key: A Question 11 of 15 Score: 1 (of possible 1 point) The evolutionary psychological view of attachment is that it A. is learned through reinforcement and punishment. B. was important to human evolution but has no value in modern society. C. is the result of the resolution of conflicts that are centered on various parts of the body. D. ncreases the infant's likelihood of survival. Answer Key: D Question 12 of 15 Score: 1 (of possible 1 point) The infant singles out the attachment figure at approximately what age? A. 1 year B. four weeks C. 7 months D. 2 months Answer Key: C Question 13 of 15 Score: 1 (of possible 1 point) When one-year-old Hayley's mother left her in an unfamiliar room, Hayley cried. When her mother returned, Hayley wante d to be held for a minute but then wanted to get down and play. Hayley appears to have a(n) __________ attachment to her mother. A. resistant B. secure C. disorganized D. avoidant Answer Key: B Question 14 of 15 Score: 1 (of possible 1 point) A set of expectations about parents' availability and responsiveness, generally and in times of stress is known as A. attachment in the making B. reciprocal relationships C. an emotional base D. internal working model Answer Key: D Question 15 of 15 Score: 1 (of possible 1 point) When children go to day care, the single most important factor related to secure attachment is A. the amount of time the child spends in day care. B. the quality of the child care. C. the age when the child began day care. D. the quality of parenting. Answer Key: D

Strategic Plan Of Amazon Research Paper Example

Strategic Plan Of Amazon Research Paper Example Strategic Plan Of Amazon Paper Strategic Plan Of Amazon Paper Amazon operates In two segments: North America and International. The Company provides its customers with the possible lowest prices by using different pricing strategies ND low shipping prices, and more offers through the Amazon prime membership. Amazon offers certain programs that enable certified sellers to sell their products on its websites and to fulfill orders, and takes such responsibility by providing customer service through email, telephone all the times. Strategic Plan Strategic planning plays vital role for business based organizations to be a market leader in the segment and to deliver successful management values to the employees of the organization and consumers of the business. Amazon s the best strategic player in technology and it did not rise to the top on the list by inventing a new product like Apple, Google, Microsoft but it did rise due its strong strategic depth. Amazon Strategic planning involves a set of procedures, policies, and framework and of course content. Beyond these basic elements, Amazon is very good at its strategic planning by anticipating future and managing its supply chain. Amazon does the best by having a formal and integrated plan in place and the process of building the plan itself turns out to be more important than the actual results. Mission and Vision It is very important to have a vision and mission to be successful for a person or an organization; In fact, the vision and mission statements are the key foundational pieces of planning as the mission statement clearly explains why the Company is into business and whats the purpose of organization is. Mission statements are based upon the following information about the Company Products and services to be offered in the market Ta regret market Differing from competing other business organizations Focusing on short term and long term business goals The purpose of vision statement and mission statements is not the same. Vision statements are different in a way that these statements are built to show where the company is being headed to (Dooms, 2013). Vision statements works as a guidelines for an organization to achieve long-term business goals. It is important to have a vision statement if the strategic planning process built takes the company towards an end goal. Amazon has had a clear focus and a solitary mission since the day it is launched. Founder Jeff Bozos has publicly referred to the Companys mission statement s the guiding force for its successful leadership decision many times in the companys history (Barbara Farman 2012). Amazon Company always has its endless commitment to the mission that is one of the major factor lead the company as a market leader. The mission and vision of Amazon. Mom Our vision is to be earths most customer centric company; to build a place where people can come to find and discover anything they might want to buy online. Objective Amazon company main objectives are Pricing objective is to earn customer and consumer trust, not to optimize horn-term profit in dollars (Andrea James, 2009) Become the best place to buy, find and discover any product or service available online Goal The Company s ultimate goal is the customer satisfaction along with efficient corporate growth. As Amazon. Mom considers itself a customer centric company, it is obsessed with customer values. The Company not only had the goal of customer satisfaction but also it was and it has to be innovative in many ways to achieve its business expansion. Strategies and Measures Amazon with no doubt will continue to enhance its business, spread ever its brand, expand the customer base and e-commerce expertise with the goal of one stop destination to purchase any type of product in North America and around the world. Few business strategies of the Amazon . Mom are listed below Availability and Fulfillment: Even though it is difficult to deliver the products in within 24 hours Amazon still had some products which can be delivered in a day, and most of the other products takes two to 6 business days according to the consumer choice. Amazon uses e-mail to notify customers with order status under various conditio ns. One lick purchase: The Company offers its customers with a streamlined ordering process using this one click technology, which enables a customer to place an order with just one click. Secure Credit Card Payment: The Company utilizes secure server software for secure card transactions by encrypting all the sensitive information. Browsing and Searching: The Companys websites allows users to search a product with ease and find a product without any difficulty. Review and Content: The Company stores various forms of content just to enhance the customers shopping experience and motivate purchases. Industrial Analysis As the Companys main business is to sell various products and services to the customers and with e-retailing in 2002, the predicted effects were more towards the costs of distribution and changes in shopping preferences and habits, than on the ability to search and purchase online. The products and services Markets, distribution channel and customer behavior Economics of production, distribution or servicing An industrial analysis is more important for an organization as it is quite beneficial for managers to understand the competitive forces acting on and teen the organizations in the same domain (Johnson et al. 2006, app). SOOT Analysis Each and every Organization has its own strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats as well. SOOT analyses have been listed below for Amazon . Com. Strengths Diversification of products and services Technology and skilled personnel Strategic planning and its depth Supply Chain and logistics management Customer-centric driven and its focus on research and development Weakness Not having a physical location Low profit based Less cash flow Opportunities Growth of online shopping in most populated countries like China, India Expansion through qua sections Growth in digital media market Social networking The rats Supply Chain Failure due to weather calamities Patent infringement Dependency on vendors Natural or human disasters.

An Ethical Review Essay Example

An Ethical Review Essay Example An Ethical Review Essay An Ethical Review Essay SYNOPSIS In the imagination of â€Å"the not-too-distant† future of our world, the movie Gattaca by Andrew Niccol revolves around the technological advancement of genetics that allows society to eliminate almost all possibilities of defects in the newborns. However, Vincent Freeman, the protagonist, is a product of the obsolete method of conceiving and was born with a number of dysfunctions. He is determined to be an astronaut but with his â€Å"imperfections†, he has zero chance. Strong-willed and unrelenting, he assumes the identity of Jerome Morrow, crippled by an accident and is willing to help Vincent. Armed with DNA samples from Jerome, Vincent is in the quick run towards achieving his goal. In a sudden turn of events, the Mission Director is murdered and Vincent sloppily leaves an eyelash at the scene. He has to figure out a way to avoid stirring any suspicions, pass all DNA tests and hope that he can still follow his dreams. STAKEHOLDERS One of the stakeholders is Vincent Freeman. He has to take extreme measures in order to pursue his dream. Any slight mistakes would jeopardize his mission. Director Josef is also a stakeholder because after the murder of the Mission Director, he misleads the investigation held to avoid being a suspect himself. Another stakeholder is Jerome Morrow. As he â€Å"lends† his identity to Vincent, he could be convicted for being an accomplice of Vincent if the authorities ever discover his act. CHARACTERS AND THEIR ETHICAL DILEMMA The main villain in the story is Director Josef because he committed a murder for self-interest. Director Josef was in an ethical dilemma as he was about to murder the Mission Director. The Mission Director was going to abort the mission to Saturn’s 14th moon, Titan. To ensure that the mission will continue, Director Josef challenged his own ethics since he was also genetically engineered, claimed of not having any strains of violence in his genome. Vincent Freeman, the hero, was in an ethical dilemma when he requested the help from German, the man that introduced him to the original Jerome Morrow. He knew that he was breaking the law by doing so but he did what he had to do in order to pursue his ambition. ________________ ETHICAL ISSUES There are a number of issues that can be pointed out in the movie Gattaca. The main issue is the discrimination of a person by only the judgment of the genetic information in one’s DNA. People that are born naturally are considered inferior to the ones that are genetically engineered. This can be clearly seen in the life of the main protagonist of this story, Vincent Freeman. Vincent was born after the supposed outdated way of conceiving by his mother. With defects such as highly probable heart failure, among other complications, even his father thought that Vincent was not worthy of his name, Antonio. In fact, the name was given to Vincent’s brother, Anton, who was genetically superior to Vincent. Vincent’s earlier part of life was not too pleasant because even his own parents did not give any support when he showed a great interest in space odyssey. During the job interview, though he was fully prepared with all his knowledge of space navigation and physical sk ills, he was rejected because of his genetic inferiority. At Gattaca, those who are considered lesser in rank are only employed as janitors to tidy up the place while the rest are given the opportunity to work in Gattaca itself. Another issue ensues when Director Josef murdered the Mission Director. He committed the crime in order to ensure that the mission to Titan would still continue and he would live to see it. The investigation on the murder was led by none other than Vincent’s own brother, Anton. When an eyelash that belonged to Vincent was caught in the DNA sweep done by the police, he approached his brother and offered him protection before he was discovered, perhaps as an act of benevolence. The issue arises as this happens because it shows that even an officer of the law could sway from his own duty. According to John Rawl’s Veil of Ignorance, Anton should be fair by apprehending Vincent although they were brothers. Another issue to be pointed out is based on the character of Irene Cassini. She was the one that initially had a suspicion on Vincent about his true identity, especially when the Mission Director was murdered. When she discovered that Vincent was only posing as Jerome Morrow, it was already too late as she was already falling in love with him. As a law abiding citizen she should have gone to the police on her discovery. Instead, she kept it a secret and she even helped Vincent to conceal his true identity. Even though there are lot of legal issues that can actually be seen but the most important one to be clarified is when Vincent went to get help from German. He was aware that by assuming the identity of Jerome Morrow, he was in an obvious breach of the law. However, he still proceeded with the plan and went through the complicated procedures in order to cheat through the DNA tests that are constantly conducted in Gattaca. ________________ CONSEQUENTIALISM Consequentialism is a philosophy emphasizing that an act is considered ethical if the good consequences trumps the negative consequences. The villain, Director Josef committed a serious crime when he murdered the Mission Director. According to the consequentialist point of view, his action is ethical because as a result of it, the mission to Titan was able to be carried on. The hero, Vincent was also able to go on the mission and at last fulfil his dream. The action of Director Josef can be considered as an act of egoism but ultimately it bought enough time to ensure that the mission would proceed as it should be. By sacrificing his own liberty, he was able to give more benefits than burdens to others. In other words, his act of supposedly in self interest was actually an act of altruism, though it was still a crime. In fact, retributive justice was served at the end of the story as the police finally found out that Director Josef is the true culprit behind the murder of the Mission Director. DEONTOLOGY Deontology differs from the philosophy of consequentialism. Deontology focuses more on the rights or duties that motivate the decision or action rather than its consequences. The hero, Vincent Freeman assumes the identity of Jerome Morrow in order to infiltrate Gattaca and become an employee there as a navigator. He defied the law that clearly forbade a man of his stance to be on the list for the mission to Titan. From a deontologist point of view, Vincent is considered unethical because his rights or duties did not allow him to do such things just for the sake of his dreams. Although his action did no harm to others, from a deontologist point of view, it is considered very unethical. The law only allowed him to go as far as being a janitor at Gattaca. His job was only to clean the floors of Gattaca as he should, based on his DNA inferiority. Although he had known almost everything on space navigation by heart and had enhanced his physical skills, he had no rights to join the space p rogram, let alone be a navigator for the trip to Titan. It was not in his supposed job description. Clearly, his ambition does not justify his actions whatsoever. GOLDEN RULE The Golden Rule can qualify as a universal principle that requires us to treat others the way we want others to treat us. If I were to be in Director Josef’s position, I would not have murdered the Mission Director. I would have had a proper meeting with the Mission Director to sort things out professionally about continuing the mission to Titan. I would reason him out and try to talk to him without resorting to violence. I would have thought that the Mission Director might have a wife and kids of his own and I would not have their husband and father to leave them just like that. Furthermore, if I was the villain, even if I did commit the murder, I would immediately surrender myself to the police. The guilt of doing such cruel thing would destroy me if I just keep it just to myself. I had taken another person’s life it is truly unforgivable. Just by remembering the face of the person that I murdered would keep me up all night for the rest of my life. What if he did have his own family? How would they respond to such a horrible mishap that I was responsible for? Who would be responsible to take care of them? Imagine if someone else would do the same to me. My family would be left with no one to take care of them. Just because I made a horrible mistake, a lot of people are going to suffer. Plus, the act of taking another person’s life is up to God, the almighty Creator. Furthermore, I would be most ashamed towards my colleagues that I have been working with for many years. They would think that there maybe someone else just like me that would commit such crime to them. They would be very suspicious of everyone around them. The workplace will seem to be unsafe for them. Besides that, I am very ashamed to all members of the possible crew to Titan especially Vincent because I know how much he wanted to fly into space land on Saturn’s moon. My action might not result to the continuation of the mission but rather to an immediate halt altogether as the Mission Director was supposed to lead the whole expedition. As the Golden Rule would suggest, if I want others to hear me out and do as I say, I would have to hear and do as what they may say. Maybe none of the tiresome events would even have to happen and with much luck the trip to Titan can be continued without resorting to violence. ________________ LESSONS From what I have observed from the movie, people can go to very much extreme measures in order to achieve their goal. However, we must not do something that can harm or affect the lives of others in a bad way. We should actually be more prepared to handle hard situations in a correct and a proper way by ourselves. Irene Cassini is a good example of this. She was not genetically engineered and yet she managed to get into Gattaca. Vincent was not too patient about it and he resorted to unlawful measures like assuming another person’s life. Even if he did not get into Gattaca, he should be thankful that he had a job. I learned from this movie that there are vices that we should avoid and there are virtues that we should follow. Besides that, I learned that we must not discriminate others that are different or less fortunate than us. Discrimination comes in different forms such as age, sex or ethnicity. There are others that may have better skills or knowledge than us but just because they are different than us we should not mix with them. We should put aside our differences and find out what we have in common so that we can all work together as a good team. Vincent’s persona was a splendid example of what reality is like for us. A most valuable lesson indeed: Do not judge a book by its cover. Next, in our everyday endeavour, we should always use our aql before we do anything and think of all the consequences of the action that we were about to do. The benefits and burdens should be identified, whether it is for us or for other people. I also learned that every action will not go unjustified, whether it is distributive, compensatory or retributive justice from God. By the God’s will, the vices will be punished and the virtues will be handsomely awarded, if not now, in the afterlife. I also learned that parents should not be selective of how each of the children are treated. They all must be treated as equally as the others. Unhappy childhood could result to many complications as they grow up so it is up to the parents to make sure that they children are in the right track. Lastly, we should not practise the syaitaniyyah behaviour such as selfishness and lying because it can affect our lives in a bad way. We should also try to avoid doing things like altering our genetic codes just to be more superior because we would be changing how God intend us to be and that is sinful.

Introduction to the Web Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Introduction to the Web - Coursework Example After the passage of almost two decades, Tim Berners Lee devised a mechanism for individuals to access information at CERN in Switzerland. He developed a new file format hypertext and a new protocol hypertext transfer protocol. The combination of the file format and the protocol became to be known as World Wide Web. The year 1994 marked the launch of the first graphical web browser that increased the popularity of internet. The project that began with the endeavours of few members turned out to be the biggest information storage platform and source of a diverse range of services. The progression of the concept of internet can be evaluated from the fact that there were only 562 hosts till the year 1983, whereas the number of systems arose to 2 million by the year 1993. According to the latest figures from Internet Society (2010) for July 2010, there are 768, 913, 036 hosts on the internet. 2. Contributions of the Internet There has been a significant impact on individuals and societie s, due to the advent of internet. The field of communication has witnessed such great developments that people in one part of the world can be aware of the happenings in the other end. The field of education has also revolutionized to a great extent as it enables the students to attend their class sessions from the vicinity of their choice. The field of business has been made more structured and organized due to the incorporation of information management systems. Earlier, students and researchers had to make uncountable trips to the libraries to find research related to their research domains. The invention of internet has provided an ocean of knowledge for the modern man, where he can get guidance about any field of life. The impact of internet on the society shall be analyzed in detail with the help of some available web applications: 2.1 Email The web application of electronic mail (email) has made two words very important in the modern world: efficiency and speed. Email provide s effective delivery of required content in a low cost manner. The speed of email has reduced the geographical barriers of the world since recipients get emails from senders within seconds, irrespective of the place on the planet. An internet connection has to be possessed by the participants of the email; otherwise there is no cost of sending an email. The conventional modes of delivery (like postal mail, telegram) of messages were dependent on the location of the recipient. It even eliminates the need to possess a stamp or envelope. The effectiveness of the delivery of the email is almost 100% unless the email address is not correct or the recipients email inbox has no space to receive new messages. It is often considered even better than making a traditional phone call since the recipient does not have to be present to receive the email. It saves time of the sender as he does not have to attempt making contact with the recipient several times; the recipient can check the message at his own time and convenience. Email has made life simpler and fast paced. People tend to feel closer to their peers who might be residing thousands of miles away due to the speed of email. A message can be sent to multiple recipients at the same time which also saves times of the sender. Attachments can be sent via emails that may contain word documents, pictures, videos etc. Formal emails serve as professional records of communication between the colleagues and form

How is capability deprivation a more powerful approach for finding Essay

How is capability deprivation a more powerful approach for finding ways to fight poverty than a focus on raising the incomes of - Essay Example The realities faced by the poor people can be termed as dissimilar, multifaceted and dynamic; an aspect that leads to the analysts and researchers looking for explanations and solutions to the problem of unemployment. This paper shall address the issue of unemployment by arguing from the point that, poverty can be easily eliminated by applying the capability restitution mechanism as opposed to raising the income of the poor. The view of poverty in terms of capability perspective is one that is multi-dimensional as seen in the work of Sen (1). In the work, the author continues to argue that since poverty can be analyzed from the perspective of an individual’s lack of the basic items, income is one of the main items that would allow the same individual access their basic wants (2). This is to mean that, insufficient or lack of capital is a major determining factor of the ability of an individual to reassure their daily life. This interprets the reason why some families and perso ns are more economically able as contrasted to others. Therefore, in this case, the incapability of an individual to access the income that would be helpful in reducing poverty is useful in coming up with policies useful for dealing with poverty. It is at this juncture that Sen insists that; it would not be possible to give all these persons the necessary amount of money to maintain their livelihoods (2). Sen poses a question on whether it would be probable to fund a sick or a disabled person with sufficient funds to protract their livelihoods (2). In this case, it would be more sensible and practical to allow these individuals to obtain the skills of accessing income as opposed to giving them the funds. Though Sen is cautious of the fact that it would not be undemanding for persons with special needs and the sick to work equally the same as the ordinary persons, giving them an opportunity to acquire the right skills to work is the best solution in assuaging poverty (2). Capability restitution method is yet another more potent approach in alleviating poverty as the approach deals with issues of handling poverty. Poverty that is realistic, as indicated by Sen, does not revolve around the income liberty, but the main concern is a consideration of the mechanisms that bring out the poor persons from their misery (2). A cited example is that of the elderly members of the society, and other groups that are sinking in misery (1). In this case, apportioning a certain amount of money in an endeavor to fight poverty would result to the same persons being reliant on the fact that, with or with no jobs, they have an amount of money set aside for their use. It is warranted, from this argument, to argue that these persons have undeniably been reduced to slaves of their own desolation, as they have no capability to secure a job, and earn a considerable amount of money that would be helpful for their personal development. Sen gives a case in point whereby a family is allocate d funds as a means of alleviating poverty (2). In the event that the boy-child is given priority over the girl due to their gender difference, as seen in Asia and parts of North Africa, then a new division of poor persons will automatically emerge. In terms of capability deprivation, this means that girls are not given a chance to exercise their full potential as they are neglected in terms of access to healthcare, income amongst others (Sen 1). In the long run, the